KONDISI LINGKUNGAN PURWOKERTO

ARTIKEL ILMIAH POPULER

JAWA TENGAH

KOTA PURWOKERTO

Saat ini Indonesia hidup dalam segitiga krisis dalam konsep lingkungan, yaitu kelebihan penduduk, pengurasan sumber daya alam dan pencemaran lingkungan, disamping krisis multidimensional pasca reformasi. Ketiga sudut segitiga krisis itu akan saling mempengaruhi.

Salah satunya kota yang akan saya bahas di artikel ini adalah kota purwokerto.

Purwokerto saat ini berstatus sebagai ibukota Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sampai saat ini kota yang meliputi empat kecamatan tersebut belum berstatus otonom, padahal sebelumnya sudah menyandang status sebagai Kota Administratif (Kotif). Sementara beberapa Kotif lain seperti Cilegon, Depok, Cimahi dan Batu saat ini sudah berstatus sebagai kota otonom.  Sudah sejak lama muncul wacana pembentukan Kota Otonom Purwokerto dengan luas wilayah sekitar 2,91 persen dari luas wilayah Kabupaten Banyumas, dan dengan jumlah penduduk 15,13 persen dari jumlah penduduk Kabupaten Banyumas.

Kecamatan	Penduduk	Luas (Km2)	Kepadatan
Purwokerto Selatan	73.266	13,75	5.328
Purwokerto Barat	50.716	7,40	6.854
Purwokerto Timur	58.148	8,42	6.906
Purwokerto Utara	60.330	9,01	6.696
Purwokerto	242.460	38,58	6.285
Kab Banyumas	1.603.037	1.327,59	1.207

Purwokerto terkenal dengan keindahan berbagai macam wisatanya, namun sebenarnya kota purwokerto itu masih banyak di liputi permasalahan-permasalahan lingkungan. Di antaranya adalah

 1. Sungai Pelus di Kelurahan Arcawinangun. Pasalnya, hampir 99 persen masyarakat membuang sampah di kawasan ini. Termasuk mereka yang tinggal di kawasan sekitar sungai. Apalagi dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukannya, tanah dan air di sini sudah tercemar polusi.

2.  Bukan hanya di daerah itu saja, melainkan di kawasan banyumas pun masih terdapat hutan hutan yang di tebang secara sembarang sehingga menyebabkan tanah longsor yang berakibat kepada warga yang tinggal di sekitar kawasan tersebut.

3. Akibat meningkatnya penduduk yang tinggal di sekitar daerah aliran sungai menyebabkan pencemaran sungai juga meningkat, khususnya pencemaran limbah rumah tangga. Hampir semua kota yang dilalui sungai dan tidak ada industrinya maka pencemaran sungainya berasal dari limbah rumah tangga. Demikian pula dengan kondisi sungai di Banyumas yang pada dasarnya menjadi pusat atau ibu kota dari purwokerto.

Secara garis besar, permasalahan yang terjadi di kota purwokerto ini adalah pencemaran sungai. Karena, kota ini banyak sekali terdapat sungai sungai kecil atau pun sungai besar yang menjadi andalan para masyarakat untuk mandi, minum, ataupun mencuci. Namun disi lain, masyarakat sendiri cuek terhadap lingkungannya, terutama limbah rumah tangga yang banyak sekali terdapat di sungai atau kali kali di purwokerto. Ini semua sebenarnya akibat dari kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya kesehatan lingkungan terutama kesehatan air di sungai yang menjadi pokok kehidupan mereka karena sulitnya di dapat air di daerah perkampungan sana.

Bukan hanya itu saja, kota purwokerto juga memiliki penduduk yang cukup banyak. Dengan luas kota yang tidak cukup besar. Sehingga menyebabkan kepadatan penduduk yang cukup signifikan.

Lalu, juga sudah mulai terdengar issue ataupun fakta bahwa alun alun kota purwokerto akan di buat hotel dan mall. Wow ? dengan begitu akan membuat kota purwokerto semakin hancur lingkungannya. Karena tanah tanah yang indah tersebut akan mudah tercemar karena kurangnya resapan air dan juga banyaknya bangunan yang membuat kota itu akan semakin terasa sempit dan penat. Dampak lain yang akan terjadi jika terdapat mall atau hotel di sekitar alun alun yaitu kawasan kota ini akan semakin menimbulkan kemacetan lalu lintas, dari kemacetan itu akan membuat POLUSI UDARA yang berakibat buruk bagi tubuh. Sungguh jahatnya orang orang yang akan membangun mall dan hotel tersebut. Cukup kota Jakarta yang penuh dengan kemacetan lalu lintas.

Lalu kita sebagai generasi bangsa harus bisa mencegah tindakan tersebut. Banyak hal yang dapat kita lakukan, seperti :

1. Menggerakan para pemuda bangsa untuk bersama sama membuat lahan terbuka hijau di setiap sudut kota khususnya kota purwokerto

2. Menyadarkan warga agar tidak membuang sampah atau limbah RT lagi ke sungai

3. Memberikan sanksi kepada pelaku penebangan hutan secara liar

4. Mengadakan kerja sama kepada pemerintah khusunya mahasiswa yang ada di kota purwokerto agar tidak mengizinkan pembangunan mall dan hotel disekitar kawasan alun alun purwokerto.

5. Mengadakan gotong royong setiap seminggu sekali dengan membersihkan selokan selokan atau kali yang penuh dengan sampah tersebut

6. Menjaga hutan dan pegunungan serta sungai yang masih suci dari sampah sampah atau limbah.

Kesimpulannya, kota purwokerto secara garis besar tidak memiliki permasalahan lingkungan yang sangat serius, melainkan hanya memiliki permasalahan yang cukup serius namun harus di tangani secara serius agar tidak berdampak serius terhadap lingkungan. Permasalahannya hanya terdapat di pencemaran air pada sungai, penebangan hutan secara liar dan juga polusi tanah akibat pembangunan gedung gedung tinggi.

LINK SUMBER :

http://www.ampl.or.id/digilib/read/80-masalah-sampah-di-purwokerto-sudah-urgent/48432

http://www.angelfire.com/id/EKA/persepsi.html

http://jokobudisantoso.wordpress.com/2008/08/26/identifikasi-masalah-dan-solusi-pembangunan-banyumas/

https://www.facebook.com/alunalunpurwokerto

http://banyumaskab.bps.go.id/index.php?hal=tabel&id=7http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purwokerto

http://fatahilla.blogspot.com/2009/01/pengelolaan-sampah-perkotaan.html

PENELUSURAN KOTA MELALUI NAMA PROVINSI

Bali

Bangka Belitung

Banten

Bengkulu

DI Yogyakarta

DKI Jakarta

Gorontalo

Jambi

Jawa Barat

Jawa Tengah

Jawa Timur

Kalimantan Barat

Kalimantan Selatan

Kalimantan Tengah

Kalimantan Timur

Kalimantan Utara

Kepulauan Riau

Lampung

Maluku

Maluku Utara

Nangroe Aceh Darussalam

Nusatenggara Barat

Nusatenggara Timur

Papua

Papua Barat

Riau

Sulawesi Barat

Sulawesi Selatan

Sulawesi Tengah

Sulawesi Tenggara

Sulawesi Utara

Sumatera Barat

Sumatera Selatan

Sumatera Utara

How to Become an Engineer

Part 1 of 3: In High School

1. 
   1
   Take the classes that will prepare you. It will help you get into engineering school, and make school easier.
   • Take math and science classes, as many as you can.
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1. 1
   • If possible, take an AP class or two. Many would suggest AP Calculus, but not every high school offers them.
2. 
   2
   Do extracurriculars that help you prepare as well.
   • Look into a summer engineering program. Many of them are fun, and can get you learning faster.
   • Have a fun engineering related hobby. You can have fun, make good money, and get down the road of engineering at the same time. You could fix computers, build speakers, build websites.
   • Find a mentor who is an engineer.
   • Don't worry about playing sports. Just look at the jocks and think, "They will be working for me some day."
3. 
   3
   Don’t worry about getting into the best college. Engineers get paid well no matter what school they are from.
   • Sure, Stanford and MIT engineers can get paid $150k at age 23, but really, engineers from any legit college do great.
4. 
   4
   Start to think about what kinds of Engineering you would like. You don't need to decide, but it is good to think about it.
   • Petroleum engineering pays more, but know that most jobs are outside big cities.
   • Aerospace engineering is really cool (building fighter planes), but can be a bad job market if the defense budget is being cut.
   • For the short term, maybe the long term, software and computer engineering will have tons of jobs.

Part 2 of 3: In College

1. 
   1
   Be careful of your first year of college in particular. Don’t overload yourself, since it can be overwhelming. Stick it out, buckle down, and don’t give up!
   • Even if you pass the AP exam, you may want to retake the class first semester of college and not skip ahead unless you are very confident. Retaking these classes will also boost your GPA.
   • Know that some schools have engineering “weeder” classes. The professors try to get aspiring engineers to give up. Why they do this, we don’t know, and no, it isn’t nice. But realize, once you get past that one or two classes, it is all downhill and easy from there. In fact, most schools will give senior engineering students all As.
   • Go to class, and to office hours. You don't need to but, do it unless you know you don't need to.
   • Get a study buddy, and a smart one.
   • Find someone to help you get through the hard classes. You may just have an awesome and smart study buddy, but find a resource for when you need more help. Best case is a junior or senior at your school. If you can afford to pay someone, that would work as well. Or you could try some of the new online tutoring websites.
2. 
   2
   Figure out a study schedule that works for you. Until you get into a groove, do what you can to get ahead of things. Do extra problems.
   • Some people do best at doing a bit of work each day, others prefer to do all nighters.
   • Make sure you know which classes will be important in the next year of your curriculum, and make sure you spend extra time on them.
   • Know your strengths and weaknesses. Understand what kinds of classes come easy to you, and which do not. Make sure you mix up your schedule so you have a balance.
3. 
   3
   Decide your major. Engineering has so many varieties, but your school may have a speciality.
   • Think about the different kinds of engineering, such as mechanical engineering,software engineering, biomedical engineering, structural engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, and more. Note, in most schools, computer science is now in the engineering school as well. Many will call it computer engineering.
   • If you are a pure quantitative person, you would want to be in the engineering school, and not have to deal with the pesky liberal arts classes. However, if you really like the variety, consider a double major with something very different.
   • Remember that if you major in engineering, you can always decide not to work in Engineering. But if you don’t major in engineering, you won’t be able to work in engineering.
   • If you are thinking about business school some day, remember that engineering school is a great background for an MBA.
4. 
   4
   Once you are "over the hump" of the first year or two, your life will be good.
   • You can look at getting a mentor who works at a company to help explore career options.
   • Majoring in engineering gives you the freedom to work for a big company, a small company, or even to be your own boss as a consultant. A mentor, professor, or a recent grad can help you figure out what you might want to try.
   • Often professors will have jobs for juniors or seniors. Jobs can be in research, or in helping new students.

Part 3 of 3: Mid Career

1. 
   1
   Learn about engineering in your current job. For example, if you are interested in electrical engineering, get a job in a factory working with engineers. If you are interested in software engineering, apply for a QA job with a software company.
2. 
   2
   Decide if you want to go back to school. You can think about if you want to go to school full time, or part time.
   • See if your current employer will pay for engineering school. It is fairly common. If it there is no formal program, just ask! Many companies would be happy to invest in the education of an engineer. It saves them money over hiring someone new.
   • A good compromise is to take night school classes for the first semester or two, to see if you like it.
   • If you are interested in software engineering, you can simply learn to code on sites like W3Schools. Or, you can sign up for Odesk and do some jobs. You won’t make much money on Odesk, since you are competing with people overseas, but it is a great way to learn. Many silicon valley firms are desperate for engineers, and won’t ask for a degree anyway.

How to Be a Successful Business Woman

Method 1 of 2: Preparing Yourself for Women Specific Challenges

1. 
   1
   Read about successful women. There are many successful career women out there - in business and in other fields. Researching and learning about their background and career paths will help to motivate and inspire you. Reading their stories will give an idea of what the path to success looks like and what obstacles you might encounter along the way.
   • The web is a great resource for researching successful business women. There are some interesting and insightful articles on websites such as Forbes and Harvard Business School.
   • You can also read the memoirs or biographies of a number of successful women and gain an insight into their professional experiences - both good and bad.
     • Sheryl Sandberg. An excellent example of one such memoir is "Lean In: Women, Work and the Will to Lead" by Sheryl Sandberg, COO of Facebook. She discusses issues such as the low level of women in corporate and governmental leadership roles, the pay inequalities faced by women in the workplace and the difficulty of balancing career ambitions with raising a family. She encourages young, female graduates to "believe in themselves, raise their hands, sit at the table, take risks and support each other."^[1]
     • Anne-Marie Slaughter. Anne-Marie Slaughter is a Princeton professor who rose to prominence in 2012 when she wrote an article in The Atlantic titled “Why Women Still Can’t Have It All,” a frank assessment of her difficulty balancing her work as director of policy planning at the State Department for Hillary Clinton with her responsibilities as the mother of two sons. In the article, she argued for “changing social policies and bending career tracks to accommodate our choices” rather than expecting women to simply run themselves ragged in order to play by the current rules of the workplace.^[2]
     • Hillary Clinton. Former Secretary of State and potential 2016 presidential candidate Hillary Clinton has long been an advocate of women's rights. Clinton has emphasized the need to extend family and medical leave and to encourage women and girls to pursue careers in math and science. She says: "We need to empower women here at home to participate fully in our economy and our society. We need to make equal pay a reality."^[3]
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2. 
   2
   Research women in your field. No matter what field you're in, there are sure to be successful women who've paved the way for others. Finding out about successful women in your particular field will give you a better idea of what a typical career path might look like and highlight some practical steps you can take to become successful.
   • Research what schools the women in your field went to, what internships they did, whether they worked abroad, where they got their first job, and any other information regarding their career path.
   • Figure out what these women did right, then use that knowledge to work out a career plan of your own.
3. 
   3
   Consider a field with fewer women in it. Historically, women have been underrepresented in fields such as science, engineering, technology, mathematics and computer science. By pursuing a career in one of these areas, a woman may benefit from certain incentives designed to encourage more women to enter these fields, such as scholarship programs and grants.
4. 
   4
   Determine how to balance work and family. Perhaps the greatest concern for women in the workforce is how to balance work and family life. Women are usually in their key childbearing years while simultaneously trying to advance their career and climb the corporate ladder.
   • Surveys have shown that most women leave their jobs due to caretaking conflicts or workplace climates which are hostile to the demands of parenthood.^[4]
   • The best way to ensure a balance between work and family is to find a company which offers a combination of parent-friendly policies such as paid maternity leave, company-sponsored childcare, flexible scheduling, family healthcare benefits and paternity leave.
5. 
   5
   Overcome pay inequality. Despite making fantastic progress in terms of the number of women in the workforce and the proportion of those who go on to reach managerial and executive positions, there is still a long way to go, especially when it comes to equal pay. The frustrating truth is that women earn significantly less than men, for the same work. Although factors such as education or the decision to have a child can affect pay levels, the main problem is that women consistently undervalue themselves and fail to effectively negotiate with employers for higher salaries.^[5] In order to overcome pay inequality, you should:
   • Do your homework. Find out what other people (men and women), with the same qualifications and in similar positions, are earning.
   • Learn how to negotiate. Once you know your value, you should work on selling your qualifications, skills and achievements. Never undersell yourself. Don't offer a salary figure first, and provide a salary range if you are pressed about it.
   • Never say yes to an offer immediately. Think of the first number they provide as an "initial offer" and continue to negotiate if you feel you are being undervalued.
   • Realize that you are entitled to ask for a raise. If you are already in a job where you feel that your contributions are undervalued, or you find out that a colleague is being paid more for the same work, don't be afraid to ask for a raise. Just be sure to build a convincing case: do your homework and find out the salary range for similar roles both within and outside the company. Be prepared to talk about your positive contributions to the company including any recent successes or problems you have solved. Highlight any positive feedback you have received from others on your team. ^[6]
6. 
   6
   Be confident. Having confidence in yourself and your abilities is essential in becoming a successful businesswoman. People will view you as you portray yourself. If you project confidence, people will believe that you are confident.
   • Self-doubt is natural, but don't let it overwhelm you. Remember that you are where you are because you're good at what you do.
   • Project confidence through your body language. You can do this by standing tall and keeping your head held high. Greet people with a firm handshake and a smile. Most importantly of all, make eye contact with the person you're speaking to. Try not to glance at them before quickly looking away, remember to hold their gaze, as this is a sure sign of confidence. If you have to address a room of people, try to make eye contact with every person in the room for at least a second or two.
   • If you're having a bad day where your confidence feels shaken, try to reassure yourself using positive affirmations. It may feel silly, but looking at yourself in the mirror and repeating something like "I am great at what I do" or "I am determined to reach the top" can really help you to rediscover your confidence and determination.
7. 
   7
   Be assertive. One of the most enduring stereotypes about women in business is that they are weak and emotional. The best way to overcome these stereotypes is to disprove them. In order to gain respect as a formidable businesswoman, it is important to be assertive.
   • You can convey assertiveness through both your speech and your actions - have confidence in your decisions and don't second-guess yourself. Speak authoritatively, in a clear, confident manner and people will have no reason to doubt your decisions.
   • When faced with criticism, try to be as rational and collected as possible. Consider what has been said and decide whether you can use the criticism constructively or whether you should just disregard it. Whatever you do, don't let it be a trigger which causes you to doubt yourself and your abilities. ^[7]
8. 
   8
   Handle criticism well. The capacity to handle criticism and grow from it is a very important aspect of success. However, there is a big difference between constructive criticism and destructive criticism. You need to learn how to recognize and handle each of them.
   • Destructive criticism is a comment or accusation designed to hurt your self-esteem. It is not intended to help you or allow you to see what you did wrong and improve on it. An example of destructive criticism would be a coworker saying "How could you be so stupid?" or "What were you thinking?" The best way to deal with this type of criticism is simply to ignore it.
   • Constructive criticism, on the other hand, usually has a good intention behind it. It is intended to help you to improve and should be viewed as a positive. An example of constructive criticism would be: "Thanks for your report. It was a good effort, but I think it could benefit from more statistics to support your findings." The best way to handle this type of criticism is to thank the person for their feedback and to use their comments to improve your work in the future.

Method 2 of 2: General Steps to Success

1. 
   1
   Find your passion in life and follow it. In order to reach the top, you need to be passionate about what you do. Think about it. It's so much easier to motivate yourself to work hard when you're energized and excited by what you're doing.
   • The road to success is long and has its fair share of ups and downs. Working towards something you're passionate about will give you strength during the tough times and added satisfaction during the good.
   • If you're not sure where your passions lie, think about going to see a career coach or a good psychologist. They will help you to identify your strengths and weaknesses and gain a clearer vision of your life goals.
   • Remember that not everyone has a pre-existing passion, it may take some time to find yours. It is also possible to become passionate about a job, with enough hard work and dedication.
2. 
   2
   Be organized. Success is the result of long-term planning and daily action. Good organization helps you gain control of your time so you can plan and complete the tasks needed to achieve your goals.
   • Focus on what's important. Remind yourself of your long-term goals and revise them when necessary.
   • Learn to prioritize. Decide what your goals are each day, then set daily priorities in order to achieve your goals.
   • Finish one task before you start another. Multi-tasking is overrated. Focus 100% of your attention on every task you set your mind to, whether it's responding to emails or filling out paperwork. This reduces the chances of you making a mistake or overlooking something important.
3. 
   3
   Network. Networking can be very helpful to your career. Networking is about making connections and building enduring, mutually beneficial relationships with other professionals. It enables you to find out about exciting career opportunities, learn of new developments in your field or discover the solution to a problem you face at work.
   • Networking is all about communication — making phone calls, conducting information interviews, writing letters or connecting through online networking sites.
   • Once you have made contact with a person, it is important to try and develop a relationship with them, to keep in contact with them and to help them with any requests or favors they might have. You never know what they might be able to help you with in the future!
   • One of the best ways to network successfully is to do informational interviews. This is where you organize to informally meet with a senior colleague or other professional for lunch or coffee in order to ask questions, gain valuable information and insights and create business relationships. Once the meeting is over, thank them for their time, ask for a business card and try to stay in touch.
   • Remember: no matter how hard you work, unless you’re aware of an opportunity, you’re not going to get a shot at it. Your network will open up opportunities for you and your career, both now and in the years to come.
4. 
   4
   Be creative. Creativity is a word that's thrown around a lot in the world of business. Employees are expected to "think creatively" and come up with "creative solutions" to the obstacles they face at work. But what does being creative really mean? Creativity is essentially whole-brain thinking - requiring the imagination and intuition of the the right side of the brain, combined with the logic, strategic thinking and critical analysis of the left. It involves coming up with innovative, yet effective ways to deal with the problems you encounter and providing a unique perspective on the world around you.
   • When faced with a problem at work, use a blank sheet of paper, start thinking about possible solutions, and write down anything that pops into your mind. Try to free your mind from the shackles of reality and practicality. Allow your brain to think freely and to make associations you wouldn't normally make. Creative thinking requires thinking outside the box.
   • Become more playful in your work. Use images and colors when writing reports. Use toys or props to stimulate creative thinking. Give a presentation from the back of the room. Break away from convention in order to think creatively.
5. 
   5
   Get a good education. An education from a high-ranking university can be instrumental in getting you to where you want to be in life. Completing increasingly advanced levels of education shows that you have a drive and commitment to learn and apply information, ideas, theories, and formulas to achieve a variety of tasks and goals.
   • Attending a good school will not only provide you with the necessary knowledge and skills required for your chosen career, it will also allow you to compete for the best positions on the job market. Some of the most prestigious positions will only accept graduates from top level schools.
   • Attending a good school will also provide you with an excellent opportunity to make contacts and interact with the best people in your field.
6. 
   6
   Be willing to learn. Don't be afraid to admit that you don't know everything. It is important to know where your weaknesses lie and to constantly seek to improve them. Even when you are confident in your abilities, you should always seek to boost your skills.
   • Learn as much as you can from the people around you, read books to increase your knowledge and go to workshops to improve decision-making or interpersonal skills.
   • Find a mentor. A mentor is someone, usually with a bit more experience than you, who knows the trade, offers advice, and helps you in your pursuit of success.
7. 
   7
   Be willing to work hard. Regardless of how many opportunities come your way, how much experience or how good of an education you have, the number one key to success is hard work. Nobody makes it to the top of their game without putting in long hours and making sacrifices in order to reach their goals. If you're finding it tough, just remind yourself that the rewards will be worth the effort.
   • Stay away from distractions. It's difficult to focus on work 100% of the time, but when you're aiming for the top it's important to minimize distractions as much as possible. It's important to take some personal time now and again, but aim to be focused and efficient whenever you're in work mode.
   • Surround yourself with motivated and successful people. By surrounding yourself with other like-minded people you'll be forced to set yourself very high standards and to work extra hard in order to stand out.
8. 
   8
   Stay persistent. In order to succeed, you need persistence. You need to fall on your face, then get back up and try again. Success doesn't come easy, it takes consistency and determination.
   • Don't be afraid to fail. Failure can be a good thing, if it helps you to learn from your mistakes.
   • If you begin to feel demoralized, remind yourself of everything you've achieved already and how far you've come. Remember that your greatest achievement might be just around the corner!
9. 
   9
   Be brave. Being a successful business woman means you have to constantly push yourself beyond your comfort zone, take risks and be fearless in pursuit of your goals. Each individual success will increase your confidence and encourage you to strive for more. Even when things don't go as planned, remember that it's not the end of the world and you can do better next time round. Be strong, confident and brave and you will soon reap the rewards.^[7]